Operation Managenent Essay Example for Free

Operation Managenent Essay After completing this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Define the term operations management. 2. Identify the three major functional areas of organizations and describe how they interrelate. 3. Identify similarities and differences between production and service operations. 4. Describe the operations function and the nature of the operations managers job. 5. Summarize the two major aspects of process management. 6. Explain the key aspects of operations management decision making. Briefly describe the historical evolution of operations management. . Characterize current trends in business that impact operations management. Chapter 2 Competitiveness, Strategy, and Productivity After completing this chapter, you should be able to: 1. 2. 3. 4. List the three primary ways that business organizations compete. Explain five reasons for the poor competitiveness of some companies. Define the term strategy and explain why strategy is important. Discuss and compare organization strategy and operations strategy, and explain why it is important to link the two. 5. Describe and give examples of time-based strategies. 6. Define the term productivity and explain why it is important to organizations and to countries. 7. Provide some of the reasons for poor productivity and some ways of improving it. Chapter 3 Forecasting: 1. List the elements of a good forecast. 2. Outline the steps in the forecasting process. 3. Evaluate at least three qualitative forecasting techniques and the advantages and disadvantages of each. 4. Compare and contrast qualitative and quantitative approaches to forecasting. 5. Describe averaging techniques, trend and seasonal techniques, and regression analysis, and solve typical problems. Explain three measures of forecast accuracy. 7. Compare two ways of evaluating and controlling forecasts. 8. Assess the major factors and trade-offs to consider when choosing a forecasting technique. Chapter 4 – Product and Service Design: 1. Explain the strategic importance of product and service design. 2. Identify some key reasons for design or redesign. 3. Recognize the key questions of product and service design. 4. List some of the main sources of design ideas. 5. Discuss the importance of legal, ethical, and sustainability considerations in product and service design. 6. Explain the purpose and goal of life cycle assessment. 7. Explain the phrase the 3 Rs. 8. Briefly describe the phases in product design and development. 9. Name several key issues in manufacturing design. 10. Recognize several key issues in service design. 11. Name the phases in service design. 12. List the characteristics of well-designed service systems. 13. Assess some of the challenges of service design. Chapter 5 Strategic Capacity Planning for Products and Services: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Summarize the importance of capacity planning. Discuss ways of defining and measuring capacity. Describe the determinants of effective capacity. Discuss the major considerations related to developing capacity alternatives. Briefly describe approaches that are useful for evaluating capacity alternatives. Chapter 6 Process Selection and Facility Layout: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Explain the strategic importance of process selection. Describe the influence that process selection has on an organization. Compare the basic processing types. Explain the need for management of technology. List some reasons for redesign of layouts. Describe the basic layout types, and the main advantages and disadvantages of each. Chapter 7- Work Design and Measurement: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Explain the importance of work design. Compare and contrast the two basic approaches to job design. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of specialization. Explain the term knowledge-based pay. Explain the purpose of methods analysis and describe how methods studies are performed. 6. Compare four commonly used techniques for motion study. 7. Discuss the impact of working conditions on job design. 8. Define a standard time. 9. Describe and compare time study methods and perform calculations. 10. Describe work sampling and perform calculations. Compare stopwatch time study and work sampling. 12. Contrast time and output pay systems. Chapter 8 Location Planning and Analysis: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Identify some of the main reasons organizations need to make location decisions. Explain why location decisions are important. Discuss the options that are available for location decisions. Give examples of the major factors that affect location decisions. Outline the decision process for making these kinds of decisions. Chapter 9 – Management of Quality: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Define the term quality as it relates to products and as it relates to services. Explain why quality is important and the consequences of poor quality. Identify the determinants of quality. Distinguish the costs associated with quality. Compare the quality awards. Discuss the philosophies of quality gurus. Describe TQM. Give an overview of process improvement. Describe and use various quality tools. Chapter 10 – Quality Control: 1. List and briefly explain the elements of the control process. 2. Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process, and the concepts that underlie their use. Chapter 11 Aggregate Planning and Master Scheduling: 1. Explain what aggregate planning is and how it is useful. 2. Identify the variables decision makers have to work with in aggregate planning and some of the possible strategies they can use. 3. Describe some of the graphical and quantitative techniques planners use. 4. Describe the master scheduling process and explain its importance. Chapter 12 – MRP and ERP: 1. Describe the conditions under which MRP is most appropriate. 2. Describe the inputs, outputs, and nature of MRP processing. 3. Explain how requirements in a master production schedule are translated into material requirements for lower-level items. Discuss the benefits and requirements of MRP. 5. Explain how an MRP system is useful in capacity requirements planning. 6. Outline the potential benefits and some of the difficulties users have encountered with MRP. 7. Describe MRP II and its benefits. 8. Describe ERP, what it provides, and its hidden costs. Chapter 13 – Inventory Management: 1. Define the term inventory, list the major reasons for holding inventories, and list the main requirements for effective inventory management. 2. Discuss the nature and importance of service inventories. 3. Explain periodic and perpetual review systems. 4. Explain the objectives of inventory management. 5. Describe the A-B-C approach and explain how it is useful. 6. Describe the basic EOQ model and its assumptions. 7. Describe reorder point models. 8. Describe situations in which the singleperiod model would be appropriate. Chapter 14 – JIT and Lean Operations: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Explain what is meant by the term lean operations system. List each of the goals of a lean system and explain its importance. List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean. Identify the benefits of a lean system. Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system. 6. Point out some of the obstacles that might be encountered when converting to a lean system. 7. Describe value stream mapping. Chapter 15 – Supply Chain Management 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Discuss the key issues of supply chain management. Name the recent trends in supply chain management. Summarize the motivations and risks of outsourcing as a strategy. State some of the complexities that are involved with global supply chains. List some of the strategic, tactical, and operational responsibilities of supply chain management. Give examples of some advantages of e-business. Explain the importance of supplier partnerships. List the requirements of an effective supply chain. Name some of the challenges in creating an effective supply chain. Chapter 16 Scheduling 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Explain what scheduling involves and the importance of good scheduling. Describe scheduling needs in high-volume and intermediate-volume systems. Describe scheduling needs in job shops. Use and interpret Gantt charts, and use the assignment method for loading. Give examples of commonly used priority rules. Summarize some of the unique problems encountered in service systems, and describe some of the approaches used for scheduling service systems. Chapter 17 – Project Management: 1. Discuss the behavioral aspects of projects in terms of project personnel and the project manager. 2. Explain the nature and importance of a work breakdown structure in project management. 3. Give a general description of PERT/CPM techniques. 4. Construct simple network diagrams. 5. List the kinds of information that a PERT or CPM analysis can provide. 6. Describe activity crashing and solve typical problems. Management of Waiting Lines After ompleting this chapter, you should be familiar with waiting line terminology, be able to solve typical problems using the models presented in this chapter, and answer these questions: 1. Describe what imbalance does the existence of a waiting line reveal? 2. Explain what causes waiting lines to form, and why is it impossible to eliminate them completely? 3. Describe what metrics are used to help managers analyze waiting lines? 4. Explain what are some psychological approaches to managing waiting lines, and why might a manager want to use them? 5. Explain what very important lesson does the constant service time model provide for managers?

The History and Theory of Magical Realism Essay -- Literature Magical

The History and Theory of Magical Realism Magical Realism is one of today's most popular subjects in literature to discuss regarding its history and theory of Magical Realism. It began in the Latin culture and now is known word wide for its attributes. Magical Realism is even rivaling some of the great masterpieces of modern and past literature. Someday Magical Realism will be recognized and respected just as the classics are today. Magical Realism supposedly began in 1935 with its golden age occurring between 1940 and 1950.The Magical Realism of Spanish and Latin America can be somewhat attributed to the social, political, and European influence. During the golden age of Magical Realism, Spanish and Latin American writers produced works that would, by some, be considered to be at the same level as the great Italian, French, and English works. Two people have been credited for coining the term Magical Realism, Dudley Fitts and Franz Roh. Which one gets the actual credit would be very difficult to state. However, it is not important who did the deed; it is important the deed was done. Professor Angel Flores remarked that "A Universal History of Infamy," written by Jorges Luis Borges marks the birth Magical Realism (Flores 109-117). Jorges Luis Borge's works are similar the works of Kafka. Both Kafka's and Borge's works reflect a collaboration of realism and fantasy. Before all the greatness of Magical Realism was realized, it was thought that the Spanish and Latin American fiction couldn't produce anything beyond simple works. However, times have changed, an abundance of great works and attributes are derived from the Latin American culture and its writings. Magical realism is the writing of Spanish and Latin American au... ...er's mind. Perhaps in music, Magical Realism has the most effect on the masses. Although most people might not realize they are being affected by Magical Realism, in actuality they are dealing with it everyday. As a conclusion to the statements above, one must remember that Magical Realism is neither Science Fiction nor Magical Literature. Rather, it is in everyday life and is all around. Magical Realism is also not to be underestimated; it includes works, which are legendary. Works Cited Flores, Angel." Magical Realism in Spanish American Fiction." Magical Realism:Theory, History, Community.Ed.Louis Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B.Faris.Durham,N.C.: Duke UP, 1995:109-117. Leal, Luis." Magical Realism in Spanish American Literature." Magical Realism: Theory, History, Community. Ed.Louis Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris.Durham, N.C: Duke UP, 1995:119-124. The History and Theory of Magical Realism Essay -- Literature Magical The History and Theory of Magical Realism Magical Realism is one of today's most popular subjects in literature to discuss regarding its history and theory of Magical Realism. It began in the Latin culture and now is known word wide for its attributes. Magical Realism is even rivaling some of the great masterpieces of modern and past literature. Someday Magical Realism will be recognized and respected just as the classics are today. Magical Realism supposedly began in 1935 with its golden age occurring between 1940 and 1950.The Magical Realism of Spanish and Latin America can be somewhat attributed to the social, political, and European influence. During the golden age of Magical Realism, Spanish and Latin American writers produced works that would, by some, be considered to be at the same level as the great Italian, French, and English works. Two people have been credited for coining the term Magical Realism, Dudley Fitts and Franz Roh. Which one gets the actual credit would be very difficult to state. However, it is not important who did the deed; it is important the deed was done. Professor Angel Flores remarked that "A Universal History of Infamy," written by Jorges Luis Borges marks the birth Magical Realism (Flores 109-117). Jorges Luis Borge's works are similar the works of Kafka. Both Kafka's and Borge's works reflect a collaboration of realism and fantasy. Before all the greatness of Magical Realism was realized, it was thought that the Spanish and Latin American fiction couldn't produce anything beyond simple works. However, times have changed, an abundance of great works and attributes are derived from the Latin American culture and its writings. Magical realism is the writing of Spanish and Latin American au... ...er's mind. Perhaps in music, Magical Realism has the most effect on the masses. Although most people might not realize they are being affected by Magical Realism, in actuality they are dealing with it everyday. As a conclusion to the statements above, one must remember that Magical Realism is neither Science Fiction nor Magical Literature. Rather, it is in everyday life and is all around. Magical Realism is also not to be underestimated; it includes works, which are legendary. Works Cited Flores, Angel." Magical Realism in Spanish American Fiction." Magical Realism:Theory, History, Community.Ed.Louis Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B.Faris.Durham,N.C.: Duke UP, 1995:109-117. Leal, Luis." Magical Realism in Spanish American Literature." Magical Realism: Theory, History, Community. Ed.Louis Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris.Durham, N.C: Duke UP, 1995:119-124.

Frank Lloyd Wright Biography Architecture Essay

Frank Lincoln Wright was born on June 8th, 1867 in Richland Center, Wisconsin. When he was still a yearling, his male parent got a new occupation as a church curate in Weymouth, Massachusetts. Frank ‘s female parent had wanted him to go an designer, so when Frank was nine, in 1876, his female parent bought him Froebel Blocks, ( which subsequently helped him plan edifices ) . At the age of 10, Frank ‘s household moved to Madison, Wisconsin, where his male parent opened a music school ( He discontinue his occupation as a curate ) . Frank and both of his sisters loved music merely every bit much as their male parent. During the summer after he turned eleven, Frank started to work on his female parent ‘s household ‘s farm. A typical twenty-four hours for him would be wake up at four in the forenoon, feed the hogs, milk the cattles, weed the gardens, and work in the Fieldss. The work was so difficult ; Frank tried to run away twice. His Grandfather ever caught him though. To Frank, life was n't that bad on the farm, because he loved nature. He liked to happen the forms of his Froebel blocks on the Wisconsin Prairie. When he was 14, his parents divorced. He ne'er saw his male parent after that. Because of this, he changed his in-between name to Lloyd in order to honour his female parent ‘s household, the Lloyd-Joneses. After completing high school in 1886, Frank went to the University of Wisconsin to analyze civil technology, since there were n't any colleges for architecture in the Midwest. Wright did n't wish his categories, so after a few semesters, he left the University of Wisconsin to happen a occupation in Chicago. After a few yearss in Chicago, he found a occupation with J.L. Silsbee ‘s Architectural house. Wright quit his occupation at J.L Silsbee ‘s Architectural Firm earlier even working at that place for a twelvemonth and got a new occupation as a draughtsman at the office of Louis Sullivan. Wright used Sullivan as a function theoretical account because Sullivan did n't plan edifices in the traditional Victorian manner. He designed existent American architecture. At the age of 21, Wright married Catherine Tobin. He designed a house for Catherine and himself on land given to him by Louis Sullivan. Within a twelvemonth, the twosome had their first kid, Frank Lloyd Wright Jr. When 1903 rolled about, that household of three turned into a household of eight. Sometimes invitees would see the Wright ‘s house and inquire Frank to plan them a house. Wright would reply yes, without Louis Sullivan knowing. When Sullivan eventually figured this out, he told Wright that he could merely plan edifices with Sullivan ‘s architectural house. Because of this, Wright discontinue his occupation and started his ain concern. By 1901, Wright had completed around 50 of his ain designs! One dark at a party, an designer by the name of Daniel Burnham made an offer to Wright to travel to analyze architecture in Europe for six old ages. In the offer, when Wright came back, he would have an of import occupation. Though it was a great trade, Wright turned it down because he did non desire to plan in the European manner. He wanted to go on planing existent American Architecture. In 1908, the discoverer Frederick Robie came to Wright inquiring for a house that had a batch of infinite, was fire safe, and had a good position of Chicago. He besides wanted a drama room for his childs and a twosome garages for his autos. By 1909, Wright had created a prairie manner house that met all the demands Robie had thought of. One dark, Wright met a adult female named Martha Cheney. He separated from Catherine Tobin, and traveled to Europe with Cheney. When he arrived back in America, he designed a studio for himself in Oak Park, Illinois. He called it Taliesin. While Wright was in Chicago on August 15, 1914, Martha Cheney and her two kids were at Taliesin. One of Wright ‘s workers, Julian Carlton killed Cheney, her kids and four others. Soon after, Wright fixed his studio. On November 13, 1922, Wright and Catherine Tobin eventually divorced. Soon after, Wright married Miriam Noel on November 19, 1923. The matrimony did n't last really long, and on August 26, 1927, the two divorced. During the Great Depression, Wright did n't hold really many clients. Alternatively, he spent his clip composing an autobiography and giving addresss on organic architecture. He besides opened an architectural school with his 3rd married woman Olga Milanoff, which he called the Taliesin Fellowship. When 1934 came along, Wright met with the parents of one of his pupils, Edgar Kaufmann Jr. They wanted a new place. Wright told them about constructing the house above a waterfall in Bear Run, Pennsylvania. When the Kaufmanns agreed, Wright began to plan this house. In 1937, he invited the Kaufmanns to his studio. After a speedy circuit, he showed them the house designs. The Kaufmanns liked the designs and the house was built. It is called Falling Water and is likely Frank Lloyd Wright ‘s most celebrated design. Wright wanted a new studio in 1937. He designed a studio in Scottsdale, Arizona. This besides was his place with Olga Milanoff until he died. April 8, 1959, was the concluding twenty-four hours of Wright ‘s life. After 72 old ages of working as an designer, Frank Lloyd Wright left behind over 500 edifices like Falling Water, the Robie House, Taliesin, and the Guggenheim Museum.

The Theory Of Human Emotion - 1561 Words

Human emotion is often defined as the enemy of pure reason and logic as it may inhibit rational decision-making. Though emotions can seem to limit logical reason at times, emotions only transform reason in different ways. Voltaire in his book, Candide, mocks this inevitable combination of emotion and reason, while Rousseau in Discourse on the Origin of Inequality criticizes it for its effects on society. Human sentiments do not simply impede, but rather they change human reasoning in what that may be ridiculous and even destructive ways, but whether the combination is to be satirized or criticized it is still a defining part of humanity. The ideal of pure logical reasoning without influence from emotion is just that, an ideal. Humans are†¦show more content†¦This ideal of emotionless reason is therefore unreachable and unrealistic. It is emotions that Rousseau defines as egocentrism and greed which lead to the bad and those are the emotions he implores people to separate fro m reason. However, other emotions such as compassion or pity could possibly transform reason in ways beneficial to other humans. Not all emotions are classified as destructive in Rousseau argument. The idea that pity is the emotion that â€Å"is a natural sentiment, which, by moderating in each individual the activity of the love of oneself, contributes to the mutual preservation of the entire species† (Rousseau 38). By this definition humans should strive to have more pity for others and in equal measure with concern for oneself to better society. Therefore, the combination of the right kind of emotion, such as pity, combined with the natural reason that is inherent in humans is the basis for humanity in a modern era. A state of pure reason cannot be returned to as the definition of humanity has changed to include human sentiment as natural and even necessary. 3 Human sentiment influencing reason is inevitable and the combinations of the two can be ridiculous or destructive, but they are still a defining part of human nature. Voltaire’s mockery of human nature and human sentiment takes many forms in his work, Candide. The characters of Pangloss and MartinShow MoreRelatedThe s Theory Of Human Behavior, Emotion, And Thought2450 Words   |  10 Pageshave a basic psychological need to feel closely connected to others, and that caring, affectionate bonds from close relationships are a major part of human behavior† (Selterman, 2014). People are driven to form and keep positive and significant relationships with others who reciprocate concern and care. The need to belong motivates human behavior, emotion and thought. 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